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Victor Hugo

(1802-1885)

Who Was Victor Hugo?

Victor Hugo was a French poet and novelist who, after training as a lawyer, embarked on the literary career. He became one of the most important French Romantic poets, novelists and dramatists of his time, having assembled a massive body of work while living in Paris, Brussels and the Channel Islands. Hugo died on May 22, 1885, in Paris.

Early Life

Victor-Marie Hugo was born in Besançon, France, on February 26, 1802, to mother Sophie Trébuche and father Joseph-Léopold-Sigisbert Hugo. His father was a military officer who later served as a general under Napoleon.

'The Hunchback of Notre Dame'

Hugo studied law between 1815 and 1818, though he never committed himself to legal practice. Encouraged by his mother, Hugo embarked on a career in literature. He founded the Conservateur Litteraire, a journal in which he published his own poetry and the work of his friends. His mother died in 1821. The same year, Hugo married Adèle Foucher and published his first book of poetry, Odes et poésies diverses. His first novel was published

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VICTOR HUGO

By Daniel Frezza

Few writers are successful as poets, novelists, essayists, and playwrights. Victor Hugo did it all—and served in France’s government.

Hugo was born in 1802, in Besançon, France. His father, Leopold, a soldier in the Revolution of 1789, attained the rank of general in the army of Joseph Bonaparte, Napoleon’s brother. His mother, Sophie, was responsible for encouraging her three sons (Victor was the youngest) to pursue writing careers. Sophie and Leopold’s marriage was troubled and they legally separated in 1814. Leopold received custody, but the boys later chose to live with Sophie (Samuel Edwards, Victor Hugo: A Tumultuous Life [New York: David McKay Co., 1971], 33). Precocious and hard-working, Hugo could read and write by age five. By eighteen his poetry had attracted national attention. After Napoleon’s final defeat in 1815, France restored the former monarchy, and some of Victor’s poems had a strong royalist bent (Sophie’s influence). This pleased Louis XVIII, who invited him to tea (Edwards, 39).

Sophie died in 1821, and Hugo became close to

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Victor Hugo

French writer and politician (1802–1885)

For other uses, see Victor Hugo (disambiguation).

Victor-Marie Hugo, vicomte Hugo^[1] (French:[viktɔʁmaʁiyɡo]^ⓘ; 26 February 1802 – 22 May 1885) was a French Romantic author, poet, essayist, playwright, and politician. During a literary career that spanned more than sixty years, he wrote in a variety of genres and forms.

His most famous works are the novels The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (1831) and Les Misérables (1862). In France, Hugo is renowned for his poetry collections, such as Les Contemplations and La Légende des siècles (The Legend of the Ages). Hugo was at the forefront of the Romantic literary movement with his play Cromwell and drama Hernani. His works have inspired music, both during his lifetime and after his death, including the opera Rigoletto and the musicals Les Misérables and Notre-Dame de Paris. He produced more than 4,000 drawings in his lifetime, and campaigned for social causes such as the abolition of capital punishment and slavery.

Although he was a committed